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About HTML

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HTML Tags

A detailed study of tags is necessary to further modify the HTML document.

As discussed above, tags are the elements that make up the HTML document. The following points elaborate their use and grammar:

Tags are used to denote the various elements in an HTML document.
A tag consists of a left angle bracket (<), a tag name, and a right angle bracket (>).
All tags are paired, meaning that a tag started has to end.
The start tag looks like <BODY>. The end tag is preceded by a slash (/), e.g. </BODY>.
Some tag elements may include an attribute, which is additional information included inside the tag.
These attributes can be anything like the alignment of images, font size of the text, etc.
HTML is not case sensitive. This means that the tag <TITLE> is equivalent to <title>.

Classification of Tags

The Basic Classification of Tags are:

HTML

The first and last tags in an HTML document should always be the HTML tags. These tags tell the web browser that the file contains HTML coded information. All other tags come between the <HTML> tags. The HTML tags look like this:

Syntax:

<HTML>

</HTML>

HEAD

The <HEAD> tag is the first part of HTML coded document. It contains the title of the document. The title is displayed as a part of the web browser. The HEAD tag looks like this:

Example:

<HEAD>

</HEAD>

TITLE

The <TITLE> tag is contained within the <HEAD> tags. It contains the title of the document. Each document can have only one title. The title of the document should be relevant to the content of the document. The title is displayed in the title bar at the top of the browser window. The TITLE tag looks like this:

Example:

BODY

The <BODY> tag contains the contents of a document. Everything visible on the web page goes into the <BODY> tag. All the text, headers, tables, headings, paragraph, etc go into this tag. The BODY tag looks like this:

Syntax:

<BODY>

</BODY>

Some Attributes of the Body Tag

BGCOLOR

This attribute sets the background color of the web page. For example, to set the background color of the web page to blue, one has to type <BODY BGCOLOR = “BLUE”>

BACKGROUND

This attribute sets the picture to be used as a background for the page. If the picture is stored in the same directory as that of HTML document, then only the name of the picture has to be typed. In the other case, the full path of the picture has to be typed. For e.g.

Case 1 - For a picture in the same directory:

Case 2 - For a picture in another directory:

TEXT

This attribute sets the color of the text on the page. To set the color of the text to blue, the syntax is:

Syntax:

TOPMARGIN

This attribute sets the size of the top and bottom margins. It accepts an integer value. To set the top and bottom margins to 1, the syntax is:

Syntax:

LEFTMARGIN

This attribute sets the size of the left and right margins. It accepts an integer value. To set the left and right margin to 1, the syntax is:

Syntax:

COMMENTS

There can be notes left for viewing in an HTML document. These notes are not visible in the web browser. To do this the Comment tag is used. The comment tag is a single tag, which means that this tag does not end. The comment is started with an exclamation mark. Exclamation mark is put after the opening bracket but not before the closing bracket. For e.g.

<!----Hello, This is a Comment---->

Example with a Background Color--

<html>

<head>

<title> My bag of jokes </title>

</head>

Hello, this is My Jokes website. Here you can read some rib-tickling jokes. These jokes are meant for people of all ages. Some of them are good, and will have you in splits.

</body>

</html>

This is how this web page looks:

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